直接與間接引用詳解

時間：2024-07-27 13:30:44 公共英語

直接與間接引用詳解

　　想要學好英語怎么能不知道直接引語與間接的用法呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。

　　Part I：單詞與短語

　　a dinner party晚宴;hostess n.女主人;sit next to sb.挨著某人坐;unsmiling adj.不茍言笑的;tight adj.緊身的;take one's seat (動詞短語)就座;fix on sth. (動詞結構)集中在……上;plate n.盤子;in a short time一會兒功夫;busy doing忙于做某事;make conversation with sb 與某人交談;in despair 絕望中，絕望之下

　　Part II：語法學習

　　1.直接引語與間接引語的相互轉換示例

　　示例1：I said to her, “A new play is coming to the Globe soon.”

　　I said to her that a new play was coming to the Globe soon.

　　示例2：I asked her, “Will you be seeing it?”

　　I asked her whether she would be seeing it.

　　示例3：“Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?” I asked her.

　　I asked her if she would be spending her holidays abroad that year.

　　示例4：“Will you be staying in England?” I asked her.

　　I asked her if she would be staying in England.

　　示例5：In despair, I asked her, “Are you enjoying your dinner?”

　　In despair, I asked her if she was enjoying her dinner.

　　示例6：“Young man,” she answered, “if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner.”

　　She answered that if I had eaten more and talked less, we would have both enjoyed our dinner.

　　2.虛擬語氣

　　承接剛剛講過的內容：虛擬語氣的本質就是“說廢話”。這里，我們開始探討“說廢話”的幾種情況：

　　第一，在表示虛擬的條件句中“對現在事實說廢話”，此時，主句也要做相應的變化予以配合。

　　示例：If I had a lot of money, I would buy a new car.(實際情況呢，沒錢!)

　　第二，在表示虛擬的條件句中“對過去事實說廢話”，此時，主句也要做相應的變化予以配合。

　　示例：If you had told me the truth earlier, I would not have acted like that.(實際情況呢，你沒告訴我，而我呢，也就那樣做了!)

　　第三，在表示虛擬的條件句中“對將來事實說廢話”，此時，主句也要做相應的變化予以配合。

　　示例：If I were to die tomorrow, I would not sleep tonight.(實際情況呢?身體棒著呢!明天不可能死，今晚呢，也就會照常呼呼大睡!)

　　Part III：綜合訓練

　　Last week (1) a dinner party, the hostess asked me (2) sit next to a Mrs. Rumbold. She was a big, (3 unsmile) lady (4) a tight black dress. She did not even look (5) (6) I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were (7 fix) (8) her plate (9) in a short time, she was busy (10 eat). I tried to make a conversation. 'A new play is coming to the Globe. Will you (11) seeing it?' 'No,' she answered. 'Will you (12) spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. 'Will you (13) staying in England (14) Christmas?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. (15) despair, I asked her (16) she was enjoying her dinner (17) she answered 'Young man, (18) you (19 eat) more (20) (21 talk) less, we (22) both enjoy our dinner.'

　　答案：

　　(1) at; (2) to; (3) unsmiling; (4) in; (5) up;

　　(6) when; (7) fixed; (8) on; (9) and; (10) eating;

　　(11) be; (12) be; (13) be; (14) for; (15) In;

　　(16) whether//if; (17) and; (18) if; (19) ate; (20) and;

　　(21) talked; (22) would

　　Part IV：句子翻譯

　　英語中必須掌握的連詞

　　史上最多解法的英文歧義句

　　從句與先行詞一致原則

　　1. 上周在一次晚宴上，女主人讓我坐在一位Rumbold夫人旁邊。

　　2. 這位夫人是個大塊頭、不茍言笑的人，身穿一件黑色緊身衣。

　　3. 我在她身旁就座時她連頭都沒抬一下。

　　4. 她兩眼緊盯著盤子，一會兒功夫，她就忙著吃上了。

　　5. 我試著跟她攀談。

　　6. 一部新劇就要在環球劇院演出了，你準備去看嗎?

　　7. 你今年準備去國外度假嗎?

　　8. 絕望中，我問她是否吃得盡興，她回答說：“年青人，如果你多吃飯少講話，我們兩人就都會吃得盡興了。”

　　答案：

　　1. Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to a Mrs. Rumbold.

　　2. She was a big, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.

　　3. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her.

　　4. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating.

　　5. I tried to make a conversation.

　　6. A new play is coming to the Globe, and will you be seeing it?

　　7. Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?

　　8. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner and she answered 'Young man, if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner.'

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