2016英語四級語法攻略
在英語語法的學習過程中有沒有最實用方法呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。
首先，從心態上看，要正確看待語法及英語學習，消除“任務”或“投機”心態。
俗話說，興趣是最好的老 師，語法學習是一個長期積累、不斷提高的過程，在“任務”的心態之下，語法學習容易變成一種被迫的行為，很難持之以恒;而在“投機”的心態之下，語法學習 容易變成一種短期行為，妄圖在短期內一蹴而就反而會遭遇“欲速則不達” 的困境。都是要不得的。因此，建議廣大英語學習者在語法學習的過程中，要善于發掘或培養自身的興趣，比如，平時喜歡閱讀的，不妨多看看適合自身水平的英語 讀物;喜歡聽英語歌曲的，不妨多聽聽自己喜愛的歌手的曲目;喜歡觀賞劇集的，找些原版的電影或肥皂劇作為工作學習之余的消遣。在這個過程中，不僅維系了愛 好，而且增進了學習的實效性。何樂而不為?
其次，從方法上看，則要根據自身實際情況，選擇適合自己的學習方法。但總的來說，語法的學習應遵循以下兩個基本原則：
第一、要記憶，但不要僵化
語法到底是不是一種“規 則”?——曾經有不少學生這么問。個人認為，語法是規則，但又不完全是規則。為什么這么說?事實上，語言的運用總是遵循一定的規則，對于初學者而言，規則 是要去遵守的，比如不同時態的構成形式，各類句式的構成要素等等，如果缺乏對規則的了解，面對一個個零散的單詞，就仿佛看著一堆雜亂無章的磚頭，是不可能 建造起語言的大廈的。這也是為什么很多人面對長難句束手無策，想要表達自己的觀點卻搜腸刮肚寫不出來的原因之一。從這個意義上說，語法是語言運用的規則。
第二、勤練習，能舉一反三
語言的掌握和運用，熟能生 巧是關鍵。正如“拳不離手，曲不離口”一樣的道理。語法的規則和理論需要在實踐中鞏固、消化，乃至舉一反三。曾經碰到過這樣的學員，在PETS考試的前一 天發郵件給我，問stop to do與stop doing是什么意思?其實，這樣的問題，在初學語法或者基礎比較薄弱的學習者中間經常會出現，原因就在于對語法規則的機械記憶和生搬硬套，卻忽視了這種 語法現象所折射出的規則的實質。實際上，隨著語法學習的深入和英語水平的不斷提高，學習者會發現并不需要刻意去關注語法規則，這并不是說規則消失了，而是 由于學習者已經熟練到感覺不到它的存在而已。從這個意義上說，語法不完全是規則。
所以說，在英語學習的路上，語法學習究竟將我們引向何方?天堂還是地獄，取決于我們自身的心態和方法。
另外，在語法學習的過程 中，一本好的語法參考書是必不可少的。市面上比較常見的有《張道真實用語法》、《薄冰語法》、《朗文英語語法》等，此外還出現了諸如《英語語法的奧秘》、 《21世紀活用圖解英語語法》等，也是相當不錯的書，學習者應根據自身的實際水平結合書籍的特點加以選擇。比如，《21世紀活用圖解英語語法》這本書，從 編纂特色上看，貫徹了“文不如表、表不如圖”的簡潔原則;在內容方面，每個部分的設置均符合“由淺入深”的學習規律。同時，每個部分都配備有相應的測試題 目，兼顧了實戰、活用及應試等各種需求。是一個不錯的選擇。
延伸閱讀：
1. if 引導的虛擬語氣
2. 倒裝形式
Were I you (=if I were you) , I would get up early in the morning.
Had you arrived at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday(=If you had arrived…), you could have caught the train.
Should it rain (=If it should rain), the crops would be saved.
【2】饅頭面條原理
【3】固定句型
It is time that ...
Would rather that .....
(1) I would rather he came tomorrow than today.
(2) John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.
(3) I would rather everything hadn' t happened in the past.
“It is (was)+形容詞(或過去分詞)+that……”結構中的虛擬語氣
1. It is necessary that we (should 可省略,下同)have a walk now.
2.It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.
3. It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.
4. It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand the rule of school.
練習
1. He’ll be busy this afternoon. If he ___ free, he ___ to the cinema with you.
A. were to be; might go
B. am going to be; will go
C. will be; might have gone
D. is; will go
2. When Edison died, it was proposed that the American people _____ all power in their homes, streets, and factories for several minutes in honor of this great man.
A. turn off
B. turned off
C. would turn off
D. had turned off
3. Had I known her name, _____.
A. or does she know mine?
B. and where does she live?
C. I would have invited her to lunch
D. she would be beautiful
4. I'd rather you ______ by train, because I can't bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.
A. would go
B. should go
C. went
D. had gone
5. The victim ________ (本來會有機會活下來) if he had been taken to hospital in time.
would have a chance to survive (06. 12 翻譯)
6. The professor required that ________ (我們交研究報告)。
we hand in our research report(s) (06. 6 翻譯)
7. If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America, probably indefinitely. (06. 6 閱讀)
8. W: What would you do if you were in my place?
M: If Paul were my son, I’d just not worry. Now that his teacher is giving him extra help and he is working hard himself, he’s sure to do well in the next exam.
Q: What’s the man’s suggestion to the woman?
9. A) Teaching her son by herself. C) Asking the teacher for extra help.
B) Having confidence in her son. D) Telling her son not to worry. (07.12)
11. You’d better take a sweater with you ________________ (以防天氣變冷)
in case it (should) turn cold. (08.12)
12. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary (就不會被大雨淋濕了). 09.6
. wouldn’t have been caught by the rain
13. You would not have failed if you __________________________(按照我的指令去做).
had followed my instructions/orders (09.12)
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