2014年12月英語四級選詞填空習題及答案
2014年12月英語四級選詞填空習題(一)
Directions: In this section, there is apassage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bankis identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each itemon Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any ofthe words in the bank more than once.
What is itabout Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1__________ about itafterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food.We’re 2__________ with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemicof obesity(肥胖). Perhapsthe 3__________ to this ambivalence(矛盾情結) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continentsearching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(經濟作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Thenthere was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouragingmore 4__________ ways of doing it.
Theimmigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do meanseating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5__________ byimports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasuredcooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.
Perhaps itshould come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’sdefining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit?ins at southernlunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even moralitywhether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat forpolitical 6__________
But strongopinions have not brought 7__________ . Americans are ambivalent about what theyput in their mouths. We have become 8__________ of our foods, especially as welearn more about what they contain.
The 9__________ infood is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence,then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in suchbondage(束縛). It’s whatwe eat—and how we 10__________ it with friends, family, and strangers—that helpdefine America as a community today.
A. answer
B. result
C. share
D. guilty
E. constant
F. defined
G. vanish
H. adapted
I. creative
J. belief
K. suspicious
L. certainty
M. obsessed
N. identify
O. ideals
1. D feel是一個系動詞，可以判斷此處應填入一個形容詞，通過上下文意思，以及后面介詞about, 可以確定選項為D項guilty, 短語feel guilty about sth. “對……感到有愧”。全句的意思為“我們很愛吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有負罪感”。
2.M beobsessed with 為固定搭配，原意為“被……附上/纏住/迷住心竅”，放在本句表示“十分重視”。全句的意思為“我們很關心健康和減肥，但肥胖卻又空前地在蔓延”。
3. A 本句缺一個名詞作主語，并且根據和介詞to的搭配，可以推斷出正確選項answer.
4. I本句根據more和ways可以判斷出需要填入一個形容詞構成比較級，根據上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，卻激發了更多新奇的方法來酗酒”，可以確定I為正確選項。
5. F 本題較難。根據be 和by 確定應填入一個過去分詞。再根據上下文，上文表示“應該吃典型的美國人吃的食物”，下文通過 but 轉折，表示實際上“美國的食物已經被諸如比薩和熱狗這樣的舶來品所詮釋了”，因此可以確定F為正確選項。
6.B政治結果，可根據宗教原因religious reasons來推斷此處填政治結果。
7. L由于橫線后面沒有賓語，可以確定不是形成bring的短語，這樣本句所缺的為一名詞，做bring的賓語。根據下文解釋，“美國人對他們所吃的食物的態度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意義為“堅定的觀點也不是確定不變的”。因此可以確定L為正確選項。
8. K系動詞become后應填入一個形容詞，和后面介詞of形成短語be/become suspicious of “對……感到懷疑”。
9. J本句缺一個名詞作主語，并且根據和介詞in的搭配，可以推斷出正確選項belief，(have)belief in sth.“ 相信……”。
10. C本句是一般現在時，缺一個動詞，且和with 搭配，確定選項為share, share sth. with sb.,“與某人分享某事”。
2014年12月英語四級選詞填空習題(二)
Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 1__________ you money or can add to the cost. Take the 2__________ example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3__________ buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 4__________ price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 5__________ to dry your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.
So what principles should you 6__________ when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 7__________ in excellent condition, you'll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new 8__________ , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 __________, or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10__________ three items or three estimates.
[A]possession
[B]save
[C]best
[D]appliance
[E]material
[F]from
[G]simple
[H]with
[I]in
[J]element
[K]model
[L]item
[M]easy
[N]adopt
[O]reasonable
1.【解析】[B]save 本文主要講理智的購物可以省很多錢的問題。你購買一件物品或者一份服務的方式真的可以給你省錢或者讓你多花錢，所以此處空格填save，節省。
2.【解析】[G]simple 就拿吹風機作一個簡單的例子。空格處用simple形容例子符合文章所表達的意思。
3.【解析】[C]best 如果你要買一個吹風機，當你選了一個外觀你非常喜歡而且價格又是最便宜的，你一定認為你買了最好的東西。make the best buy即是說買了最好的東西。
4.【解析】[I]in 以怎樣的價格用固定短語in price。最便宜的價格就是the cheapest in price。
5.【解析】[K]model 意為"樣式，型"。當你把它買回家，你才發現它要花兩倍于較貴的吹風機所花的時間來吹干你的頭發。a more expensive model更貴的一款。
6.【解析】[N]adopt 意為"采用"。那么你外出購物時應該采用什么樣的原則呢?adopt principles "采用原則"，principles 需要用adopt 來搭配。
7.【解析】[A]possession 意為"擁有物"。如果你保持你的家、你的車，或者任何一件值錢的物品處于一種良好的狀態中，從長遠的眼光來看你會省錢。
8.【解析】[D]appliance 意為"用品，器具"。在你買一個新的用品之前，先與有這個物品的人交流一下。
9.【解析】[L]item 在買一個貴的東西之前，要看好價格和正在出售的物品。item可用來指代物品。
10.【解析】[F]from 這個空格前是動詞choose，從中作出選擇即用介詞from來搭配。
2014年12月英語四級選詞填空習題(三)
After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists hadgood news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人數) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in thisearthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook Americain 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.
Injuries anddeaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m.On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highway. In addition, __3__made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years havestrengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more __4__ toquakes.
In the past,making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such assteel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift abuilding off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the buildingand its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, calledsmart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to anearthquake’s vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, thecomputer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The newdesigns should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen takeplace.
The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save manylives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
[A]changes
[B]flexible
[C]decrease
[D]recent
[E]push
[F]reduce
[G]relatively
[H]safety
[I]resistant
[J]expensive
[K]force
[L]accordingly
[M]intensity
[N]security
[O]opposed
1.選M)。此處應填名詞，作介詞of的賓語，作為后置定語修飾earthquake，說明該名詞是“地震”的自然屬性。選項中的名詞有changes，safety，intensity和security，只有intensity可以表示地震的強度，故選M)。
2.選G)。此處應填副詞，用來修飾形容詞less。選項中的副詞有relatively“相對的”和accordingly“相應的”，第一段說這次地震和1998年的那次地震程度一樣，但造成的損失卻小很多，再從后句中“高速路上的車輛不是很多”可以推斷：這次的地震造成的“死傷人數”與1998年比少很多，即少是相對的，故選G)relatively。
3.選A)。空格中要填的詞是本句話中的主語，應為名詞。這句話的主干是have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways,從第三段的內容和注釋3的解析可知：建筑結構發生了變化，故應選擇A)changes。
4.選I)。此處應填形容詞，和其前面的more構成形容詞的比較級，描述新型建筑與地震有關的性能。them = the city’s buildings and highways, have strengthened "被加固"說明他們更有抵御風險的能力了。選項中的四個形容詞只有resistant符合這個意思，故選I)。
5.選B)。此處應填形容詞，修飾名詞materials。從后面的...bent without breaking "即使彎曲也不會折斷"，說明是有韌性的材料。選項中的四個形容詞只有flexible表示“柔韌的，可變形的”，故B)正確。
6.選F)。此處應填名詞。根據上下文insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation“在建筑物和地基之間填充橡膠和鋼材”是為了減少the impact of ground vibrations"地面震動對建筑物的影響"。選項中decrease和reduce都可以表示“減少”的意思，前者指穩定的逐步地減少，后者強調在大小、程度或強度方面下降或減少。故F)reduce更符合題意。
7.選D)。根據注釋3，可以推知，這里要填的詞是和前面的In the past, Laer相對應的，選項中的形容詞中只有recent可表示時間，the mostrecent desighs“最近的設計”，在原文中可以對應“過去，后來”，故D)為正確答案。
18.選K)。前面提到了智能建筑，這里說明當地震使這樣的建筑向前倒的時候，電腦會怎樣它，使它相反方向移動。在動詞push和force之間懸著。push強調的是外加的力量，而這里的拖力者是與智能建筑一體的計算機系統，故這里force符合文意。
9.選N)。此后應填名詞，做動詞offer的賓語。本句前面一直在描述新型建筑采取的抗震措施，本句是這些措施的結果。抗震型建筑為城市提供的應該是更多的安全保障，選項中表示“安全”的詞有safety和security，前者是處于安全狀態，不受傷害，沒有危險，多用于人身，貨物。后者常指國家社會的免遭戰爭，災難而安然無恙，故N)security更符合文意。
10.選J)。此處應填形容詞。從后面的However后的一句說明智能建筑的優點而得知，However前所說的是智能建筑的缺點。既然智能建筑很聰明，又是新事物，那么建造起來肯定會耗費很多資金的，所以選J)expensive。
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