學(xué)習(xí)高考英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的技巧
春節(jié)即將到來(lái)，過(guò)完新年，高考就要來(lái)臨了，為了幫助高三的學(xué)生備戰(zhàn)高考，下面小編為大家搜索整理了學(xué)習(xí)高考英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的技巧，希望能給大家?guī)?lái)幫助!
一、弄清高考英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的命題特點(diǎn)
短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是高考英語(yǔ)一個(gè)十分重要的考點(diǎn)，且這類考點(diǎn)的特點(diǎn)非常明顯，即它們主要涉及由 do， go， get， set， put， have， give，call， take， turn， come， make， keep， bring，look， die， save， pick， work， watch， blow， burst 等常用動(dòng)詞所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。比如2005年全國(guó)15道短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考題共涉及12個(gè)常用動(dòng)詞，它們是 ask， cut， get， see， give， have， come， pick， bring， put， make， refer 等;2006年全國(guó)12道短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考題共涉及21個(gè)常用動(dòng)詞，它們是 come，go，get，look，take，make，break，work，call，turn，keep，bring，pick，put，set，fix，die，blow，draw，save，watch 等。尤其有趣的是，2006年的湖北卷竟在有限的15道單項(xiàng)填空題中考查了4道短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨析題，它們是：
1. It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it_____ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.(2006湖北卷)
A. came over B. came out C. came aboutD. came up
2. The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now_____ the matter.(2006湖北卷)
A. seeing through B. working outC. looking intoD. watching over
3. As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain， the visit to the village scenes of my childhood_____.(2006湖北卷)
A. called up B. called for C. called on D. called in
4. Although the wind has_____，the rain remains steady，so you still need a raincoat.(2006湖北卷)
A. turned up B. gone back C. died down D. blown out
【解說(shuō)】答案分別是CCAC。其中第1題的 come about 意思是“發(fā)生”，空格前的 it 為形式主語(yǔ)，其后的 that she was two hours late on such a short trip 為主語(yǔ)從句。第2題的 look into 意為“調(diào)查”。第3題的 call up 意為“喚起”“使(人)想起”。第4題的 die down 意為“變?nèi)?rdquo;“逐漸停止”“漸漸消失”。
二、把握高考英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三種�？碱愋�
英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由動(dòng)詞后接介詞或副詞小品詞構(gòu)成，這類小品詞主要包括 in， on， into， to， out， up， down， off， away， over， about， along 等。具體說(shuō)來(lái)，高考英語(yǔ)對(duì)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查主要涉及以下三種類型：
1. 動(dòng)詞相同，但小品詞不同
With no one to_____ in such a frightening situation，she felt very helpless.(2006陜西卷)
A. turn toB. turn onC. turn offC. turn over
【解說(shuō)】答案選 A。turn to 在此表示“求助于”。
2. 動(dòng)詞不同，但小品詞相同
For all these years I have been working for others. I’m hoping I’ll _____my own business some day.(2006江西卷)
A. turn upB. fix up C. set upD. make up
【解說(shuō)】答案選 C。set up 在此表示“成立”“建立”。
3. 動(dòng)詞不同，小品詞也不同
—How are you managing to do your work without an assistant?
—Well，I somehow_____.(2006重慶卷)
A. get along B. come on C. watch out D. set off
【解說(shuō)】答案選 A。get along 在此表示“進(jìn)行”“進(jìn)展”。
三、歸納高考英語(yǔ)�？级陶Z(yǔ)動(dòng)詞18個(gè)熱點(diǎn)
下面為同學(xué)們歸納了18個(gè)高考英語(yǔ)經(jīng)�？疾榈挠糜跇�(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常用動(dòng)詞，同時(shí)還為同學(xué)們整理出了由這些常用動(dòng)詞所構(gòu)成的熱點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)。記住它們，并在做題時(shí)結(jié)合語(yǔ)境靈活地理解它們，在做短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考題時(shí)就不會(huì)再丟分了。
1. break
break away (from)突然逃離;斷絕往來(lái)，脫離;改掉，破除
break down(機(jī)器等)壞了;(計(jì)劃等)失敗;(談話等)中斷;
(健康等)變壞;感情失去控制
break in 突然進(jìn)來(lái)，強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入;插嘴，打岔;訓(xùn)練，使適應(yīng)
break into強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入;突然……起來(lái);打斷，插嘴;占用時(shí)間
break off停止講話;暫停，休息;(使)折斷
break out(火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)
break through 突破;克服，征服;強(qiáng)行穿過(guò);(太陽(yáng)等)從云層里出來(lái)
break up 解散，驅(qū)散;(學(xué)校等)放假;結(jié)束，破裂;擊碎;絕交
break with 與……絕交，與……決裂
2. bring
bring about 引起;實(shí)現(xiàn);導(dǎo)致
bring around 使改變觀點(diǎn)或看法;使蘇醒;順便把某人帶來(lái)串門
bring back 送還;使想起;使恢復(fù)
bring down擊落;打死，打傷;使倒下;降低
bring forth 產(chǎn)生，引起
bring in 收獲;獲利;介紹，引進(jìn);聘請(qǐng);逮捕
bring off從船上救出;設(shè)法做成
bring on 帶來(lái);引起;促使生長(zhǎng);幫助提高
bring out取出，拿出;顯示出;使出來(lái);出版
bring over 說(shuō)服;使改變(思想等)
bring through 使度過(guò)(困難，危機(jī)等)
bring together使和解
bring up 提出，提起;撫養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng);嘔吐
3. call
call at (車船等)停靠;到(某地)拜訪
call away叫走，叫開;轉(zhuǎn)移(注意力等)
call back喚回，叫回;回電話，再打電話
call for喊(某人)來(lái)，喊人取來(lái)(某物);來(lái)或去取(某物)，
來(lái)或去接(某人);需要，要求
call in 叫進(jìn)，請(qǐng)進(jìn);找來(lái)，請(qǐng)來(lái);來(lái)訪
call off叫走，轉(zhuǎn)移開;取消，不舉行
call (up)on拜訪，看望
call out大聲叫(喊);叫出去;召喚，請(qǐng)來(lái)，調(diào)去
call up(給……)打電話;想起，回憶起
4. come
come about(某情況)發(fā)生
come across被理解;給予印象;(偶然)發(fā)現(xiàn)或遇見
come along 一道去;趕快;出現(xiàn)
come for來(lái)取，來(lái)拿;來(lái)找
come on 跟著來(lái);快點(diǎn);來(lái)吧
come out出來(lái)，出現(xiàn);開花
come over 來(lái)訪，來(lái)玩
come to 來(lái)到，來(lái)參加;合計(jì);有意義;有價(jià)值;蘇醒;談到，說(shuō)到
5. cut
cut down砍倒;削減，壓縮，縮減
cut in 插入，插話;插隊(duì);超車
cut off切斷，隔斷，斷絕
cut out剪成;戒掉
cut up切碎;抨擊;殲滅
6. die
die away(聲音、風(fēng)、光線等)漸息，漸弱
die down(慢慢)熄滅;平靜下來(lái)
die off 一個(gè)一個(gè)地死去
die out(家族、習(xí)俗、觀念等)滅絕，絕跡
7. fix
fix on 選定;確定;決定
fix sb up with為某人安排或提供
fix up 決定;安排;清理;修理，整理
8. get
get about到處走動(dòng)，旅行;傳播，流傳
get along離開;相處;進(jìn)展
get away 離開，逃離;逃避責(zé)罰，免受處罰
get back 返回;取回
get down下來(lái);取下;放下;寫下;打下;吞下
get down to開始做，認(rèn)真處理
get in 進(jìn)站，到達(dá);請(qǐng)來(lái);插話;收獲
get off起飛;動(dòng)身，出發(fā);下班;下車;從輕處罰，被放過(guò)
get on 上車;進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展;相處
get out出來(lái)，出去，離開;拿出，取出;出版，發(fā)表;泄漏，傳出
get out of 逃避，躲掉;使說(shuō)出;放棄;戒除
get over 走過(guò)，越過(guò)，渡過(guò);克服，戰(zhàn)勝;恢復(fù)，痊愈
get through做完,用完,吃完;通過(guò)(考試);接通(電話);度過(guò)(時(shí)間)
get together聚會(huì)，聯(lián)歡
get up起床，起身;打扮;舉辦
9. give
give away 分發(fā)，贈(zèng)送;背棄;暴露
give in上交;讓步，投降
give off 發(fā)出(光、熱、聲音、氣味等)
give out 分發(fā)，散發(fā);用完;垮掉;失靈，出故障;發(fā)表;
發(fā)出(熱、聲音等)
give up放棄，戒掉;交出，讓出;投降，認(rèn)輸
10. go
go away 離開;消失;變淡
go back 返回;追溯;重操舊業(yè);改變主意;違背
go by (時(shí)間)消逝;依……辦;根據(jù)……判斷
go on (時(shí)間)消逝;繼續(xù);上場(chǎng);發(fā)生;(燈)亮
go over 檢查;復(fù)習(xí);轉(zhuǎn)至;使……干凈;反應(yīng)(如何)
go out (燈)熄;不流行
11. look
look after照顧(某人);看管(某事物)
look around環(huán)顧四周
look at看;看待;看得上;檢查;考慮
look for 尋找;尋求;期待
look into調(diào)查;窺視
look on 旁觀
look out 小心;留意;找出
look up仰視;好轉(zhuǎn);查尋;探望
12. make
make for走向;有助于;促進(jìn)
make out理解;看清，
(勉強(qiáng))辨認(rèn)出;填寫;假裝
make up 構(gòu)成，組成;編寫，編輯;編造;和解;彌補(bǔ);化妝;湊足;
準(zhǔn)備好
13. pick
pick out 選擇;找出
pick up 撿起;收拾，整理;學(xué)會(huì)，獲得;
(用車)來(lái)接，去取;改善;繼續(xù);感染(疾病等)
14. put
put away收拾;放棄，打消;存蓄
put down放下;寫下;使下車;鎮(zhèn)壓，擊敗
put off推遲;推脫;使不高興
put on穿，戴;上演;裝(樣子);開(燈等);增加
put out撲滅，使熄滅;生產(chǎn);公布，發(fā)表;打擾，使不高興
put up舉起，架起，撐起;蓋起，修建;張貼，掛;住宿，留宿
15. see
see about負(fù)責(zé)處理(安排)
see off為……送行
see out送某人出門;度過(guò)，熬過(guò);進(jìn)行到底
see through看穿，識(shí)破;幫助度過(guò)(困難等);進(jìn)行到底
16. set
set about開始，著手
set against 使敵視，使對(duì)立
set apart 使與眾不同;留出，撥出(時(shí)間、金錢等)
set aside 留出，撥出(時(shí)間、金錢等);把……置于一旁，不理會(huì)
set back 推遲，耽擱;使花費(fèi)
set down寫下，記下
set in 開始，來(lái)臨
set off出發(fā)，啟程;導(dǎo)致，引起;使運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);使爆炸
set on 襲擊，攻擊
set out 動(dòng)身，起程;開始，著手;擺放，擺設(shè);陳述，解釋
set up 創(chuàng)辦，成立，建立;豎立，架起;組織，計(jì)劃，安排;
創(chuàng)下(紀(jì)錄);開業(yè)，開始經(jīng)商;安裝
17. take
take away 拿走，帶走;消除(病痛等);減去
take down 取下;記下;拆掉;吞下;病倒
take out 拔掉;切除;帶(某人)出去;獲得
take off 脫掉(衣);(飛機(jī))起飛;(突然)離去;受歡迎
take up 占去;占據(jù);以……作為愛好或消遣;從事;改短(衣物);吸收
18. turn
turn into 拐入;進(jìn)入;(使)變成;(使)成為
turn off 關(guān)掉;使厭煩;轉(zhuǎn)入另一條路;不注意
turn on打開(收音機(jī)、電視機(jī)等);展示;進(jìn)攻;以……為議題
turn over翻轉(zhuǎn);反復(fù)考慮;營(yíng)業(yè)額達(dá)到;移交
turn to翻到;求助于;轉(zhuǎn)向;積極行動(dòng)
turn up將(音量)調(diào)大;找到，發(fā)現(xiàn);出現(xiàn)
turn down 調(diào)小(音量);拒絕
turn out 結(jié)果是;證明是;露面
四、高考英語(yǔ)�？级陶Z(yǔ)動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
1. When the woman came back home，she had no idea how it_____ that her husband met with trouble again.
A. came aboutB. came out C. came up D. came across
2. You’ll never _____all your homework tonight if you don’t fix your attention on it.
A. get on with B. get back C. get inD. get through
3. Will you _____this passage to see if there is any misprint?
A. pick out B. make up C. go overD. look into
4. If you your name and address _____on the card，we’ll send the book to you as soon as it is returned.
A. fill in B. carry out C. go overD. find out
5. When you write an article，be sure to_____ the points of your argument carefully.
A. set outB. set offC. see offD. let out
6. He made a speech at the conference，_____folk music.
A. hearing fromB. thinking of C. carrying onD. dealing with
7. The scientists are now trying to discover what use could be_____ such material.
A. made out B. made up C. made ofD. made from
8. I _____from the crowd an old friend of mine whom I hadn’t seen for ten years.
A. figured outB. picked out C. gave out D. went out
9. —What do you think of our plan?
—It will certainly _____;it is a great idea.
A. turn intoB. pay back C. pay forD. pay off
10. The funny story _____a loud laugh in the classroom.
A. got offB. set off C. took offD. turned out
11. The company is going to _____the free samples tomorrow.
A. hand downB. hand over C. hand out D. hand in
12. The boy，wanting to be independent，_____his father's offer of help.
A. turned awayB. turned out C. turned downD. turned up
13. Our flight was _____by the thick fog. So we didn’t attend the meeting on time.
A. broken off B. kept upC. taken up D. held up
14. The secretary has _____to the related guests all the invitations to our company’s celebration.
A. taken out B. sent outC. sent forD. sent up
15. Today country music can _____between 200 and 400 million dollars a year.
A. bring downB. bring inC. bring out D. bring up
16. —It’s almost eight，but Tom hasn’t turned up. He may not be here.
—He will. He never _____on his words.
A. goes back B. comes backC. gives back D. gets back
17. —Not getting that job was a big disappointment.
—Don’t worry. Something better will_____.
A. come alongB. take onC. turn onD. carry on
18. —My sister is a typist at a foreign firm.
—I know this sort of job _____skill and speed.
A. asks forB. calls forC. pays forD. cares for
【答案】1—5 ADCAA 6—10 DCBDB 11—15 CCDBB 16—18 AAB
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