高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)：突破閱讀理解及書面表達(dá)
明天就要高考了，今天小編準(zhǔn)備了一些比較有代表性的高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題給大家考前練練手，希望可以幫助同學(xué)們?cè)诟呖记氨M快找到自己的做題狀態(tài)。
美文賞析
Studies show farmland in Africa is often lacking in important nutrients.But researchers say a combination of farming methods may help.
Researchers wonder how to increase production without necessarily clearing more land to grow additional① crops.American researchers say that can happen with greater use of an agricultural system called perenniation.It mixes food crops with trees and perennial② plants—those that return year after year.
Soil scientist John Reganold says，“One of the major problems is that the soils are fairly poor in most of the regions.So how do you grow food on poor soils?There have to be food production systems that can build the soil and improve the yield③.”
Mr.Reganold says poor soil may have resulted from years of weathering that washed away many nutrients.He says some farmers may have done more harm than good.
“They have been actually using farming practices④ where they're not putting in organic⑤ matter.They're not putting in fertilizers.They can't afford those things.And it just runs the soil down.So they're worsening the situation.”
The scientist says the word perenniation defines three systems that are already used in Africa.The oldest of the three is called evergreen agriculture.This is where farmers plant trees with their crops.Farmers in Africa have been doing this for sixty years，but it seems to be growing in popularity.
The method is gaining widespread use in countries such as Niger，Burkina Faso，Malawi and Zambia.The trees are planted among maize(玉米)，millet or sorghum crops.They not only add nitrogen(氮)to the soil through their roots，but also through their leaves when they fall off and break down.At other times of the year，the trees can protect plants from strong sunlight.
John Reganold says he knows of one woman who has had great success with perenniation.
“She's a grandmother in her fifties.Her_name_is_Rhoda_Mang'yana_and_she_started_using_this_system_about_twenty_years_ago.And her yields initially were about a ton of maize.Now with a good year she gets four tons per hectare，four times what she was getting.”
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 如何在非洲土地有限、地力貧瘠的情況下，有效地改善土地狀況，提高農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量呢?本文介紹了一種能有效提高土地的肥力，促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)的耕作方式。
一、閱讀與積累
1.攻克疑難詞匯
①additional adj.另外的，額外的
②perennial adj.長(zhǎng)久的、持續(xù)的
③yield n.產(chǎn)量，產(chǎn)出
④practice n.通常做法
⑤organic adj.有機(jī)的
2.攻克疑難句
(1)They have been actually using farming practices where they're not putting in organic matter.
結(jié)構(gòu)分析 where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾farming practices。
嘗試翻譯 事實(shí)上他們一直在使用不投入任何有機(jī)物質(zhì)的農(nóng)耕方式。
(2)They not only add nitrogen(氮)to the soil through their roots，but also through their leaves when they fall off and break down.
結(jié)構(gòu)分析 句子使用了not only...but also句式，表示“不但……而且……”，when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
嘗試翻譯 它們不僅通過(guò)根系向土壤里添加氮，而且在它們的葉子落下并分解后也向土壤里添加氮。
二、理解與書面表達(dá)
1.理解文章主旨
The passage mainly tells us how_to_increase_producion.
2.理解與書面表達(dá)
文中畫線的句子是屬于________句。
答案 并列
(1)說(shuō)明：并列句是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上并列而又獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成。在并列句中，這些簡(jiǎn)單句常由并列連詞連在一起。并列連詞所連接的簡(jiǎn)單句被稱為分句。
(2)例句感悟
①He told me to do it，so I did it.
②Work hard and you will succeed sooner or later.
③Tom became a judge while he remained a fisherman.
④Either you didn't understand this problem，or you were not careful enough.
(3)用并列句翻譯下面的句子
①前門大街是一條步行街，但是你可以乘電車去劇院看電影。
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②這條著名大街的歷史可以上溯到600年前，它共約800米長(zhǎng)。
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③另外，它也是一條商業(yè)街，街道兩邊分布著300多家商店。
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答案 ①Q(mào)ianmen Street is a pedestrian street，but you can enjoy the trolley cars to go to see a movie in the theatres.
②The famous street dates back to six hundred years and has a length of about 800 meters.
③It is also a commercial street，and lined with more than 300 shops.
(4)加入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞或句子將上面的句子改寫成一篇優(yōu)秀的小短文。
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【參考范文】
Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street，but you can enjoy the trolley cars to go to see a movie in the theatres.First of all，the famous street dates back to six hundred years and has a length of about 800 meters.It is also a commercial street，which is lined with more than 300 shops.
高考英語(yǔ)考試中英語(yǔ)閱讀題是不容丟分的部分，也是與其他考生拉開(kāi)距離的地方，所以切記要多做題練題感。還有，夢(mèng)想還是要有的，萬(wàn)一考上了呢。小編也順便在這里預(yù)祝將要高考的同學(xué)們考試順利，高考英語(yǔ)六六六。
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