2018年考研英語閱讀細節題解題方法
英語閱讀是整個考研英語復習的重中之重，而在所有閱讀題目當中，對細節信息提問的題目約占到60%， 是閱讀六大題型中考查最多的，因此要想閱讀拿高分，掌握細節題的做題方法尤其重要。
通常細節題主要可分為以下類型：觀點型細節，原因型細節，事實型細節，which型細節。比如觀點型題干Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.原因型題干Physical dependence on certain substances results from ________. 事實型題干We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________.這幾種細節正是考研真題閱讀中出題人經常出題考查的重點細節。
那么細節題該如何去做呢?我們以2006年的一道真題為例剖析一下細節題的解題過程。這是一道觀點細節題：Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline.” The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.
34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.
[A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time
[B] fisheries should keep their yields below 50% of the biomass
[C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level
[D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changing situation
首先根據依據題干定位詞確定其是一道觀點細節題，問Dr. Myers and other researchers的觀點。然后返回原文定位人物觀點的出處，在段落第一句Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, 定位句的核心詞講到a correct baseline一個正確的基準線，which定語從句補充其特點是未來需要考慮。最后我們去排除選項，和定位句內容一致的是A和D都講到了基準線，但是A所說的時間特點是能夠使用更長時間，和原文的時間特點并不一致。D選項所說的特點是調整變化，和定位句的下句內容一致，shifting baseline正是在說基準線需要轉換變化。所以正確答案為D選項。而另外兩個選項B和C的出處并非題干所要求的定位句的內容，所以可以確定是答非所問。
總之，考研英語閱讀出題是有自身獨特的規律的，所以做題也需要掌握正確的方法套路，這樣便可以少走很多彎路。總得來說對于細節而言，大家一定要記住做題首先要定位，然后在觀察哪個選項和定位句存在同義替換關系，繼而就能夠選出正確選項，排除錯誤選項。
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