2018年考研英語真題及答案
全國碩士研究生統一招生考試(簡稱考研，也稱研究生入學考試;英文：Take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools或Unified national graduate entrance examination)指教育主管部門或招生機構為選拔研究生而組織的相關考試的總稱，由國家考試主管部門組織的統一考試和招生單位組織的面試組成。下面是2018年考研英語真題及答案，網友上傳，為大家提供參考。
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the followingtext. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D onthe ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Could a hug a day keepthe doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" 1 helping youfeel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embracemight even help you 4 getting sick this winter.
In a recent study 5over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University inPennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receiptof hugs 6 the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold afterbeing 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were lesslikely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducingeffects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 amongthose who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and receivedmore frequent hugs had less severe 12 .
"Hugging protectspeople who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 withstress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others arethere to help 16 difficulty."
Some experts 17 thestress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release ofoxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" 18 it promotesattachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newbornbabies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , andsome of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain,where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.
1.[A]Unlike [B] Besides
[C] Despite [D] Throughout
【答案】[B] Besides
2 .[A]connected [B]restricted
[C]equal [D] inferior
【答案】[A] connected
3.[A]choice [B]view
[C]lesson [D] host
【答案】[D] host
4.[A]recall [B]forget
[C]avoid [D]keep
【答案】[C] avoid
5.[A]collecting [B]involving
[C]guiding [D] affecting
【答案】[B] involving
6.[A]of [B]in
[C]at [D]on
【答案】[D] on
7.[A]devoted [B]exposed
[C]lost [D] attracted
【答案】[B] exposed
8.[A]across [B]along
[C]down [D] out
【答案】[C] down
9.[A]calculated [B]denied
[C]doubted [D]imagined
【答案】[A] calculated
10.[A]served [B] required
[C]restored [D] explained
【答案】[D] explained
11.[A]Even [B]Still
[C]Rather [D] Thus
【答案】[A] Even
12.[A]defeats [B]symptoms
[C]tests [D]errors
【答案】[B] symptoms
13.[A]minimized [B]highlighted
[C]controlled [D] increased
【答案】[D] increased
14.[A]equipped [B]associated
[C]presented [D] compared
【答案】[B] associated
15.[A]assess [B]moderate
[C]generate [D] record
【答案】[C] generate
16.[A] in the faceof [B] in the formof
[C] in theway of [D] inthe name of
【答案】[A] in the face of
17.[A]transfer [B]commit
[C]attribute [D] return
【答案】[C] attribute
18.[A]because [B]unless
[C] though [D] until
【答案】[A] because
19.[A]emerges [B]vanishes
[C]remains [D] decreases
【答案】[C] remains
20.[A]experiences [B]combines
[C]justifies [D]influences
【答案】[D]influences
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questionsbelow each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWERSHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
First two hours , now three hours-this is how far inadvance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive securitylines.
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consumingsecurity procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt AirFlight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of airtravelers or providing too little security in return undermines public supportfor the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economicand private lives, not to mention infuriating.
Last year, the Transportation Security Administration(TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneakweapons---both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried.Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline traveldue to the improving Chicago's O'Hare International .It is not yet clear howmuch more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.
Part of the issue is that the government did notanticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing toget new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only somuch room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people aretrying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, thoughthe airlines strongly dispute this.
There is one step the TSA could take that would notrequire remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in thePreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and theTSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expeditedscreening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people inPreCheck.
It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one bigreason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to processtheir background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has beenPreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a morereasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helpingto finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.
The TSA cannot continue diverting resources intounderused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers inunnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.
21. the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to
[A] stress the urgency to strengthen securityworldwide.
[B] highlight the necessity of upgrading major USairports.
[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current securitychecks.
[D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection.
【答案】[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current securitychecks.
22. which of the following contributions to long waitsat major airport?
[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.
[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.
[C] An increase in the number of travelers.
[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.
【答案】[C] An increase in the number of travelers.
23.The word "expedited" (Line 4, Para.5) isclosest in meaning to
[A] faster.
[B] quieter.
[C] wider.
[D] cheaper.
【答案】[A] faster.
24. One problem with the PreCheck program is
[A] A dramatic reduction of its scale.
[B] Its wrongly-directed implementation.
[C] The government's reluctance to back it.
[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.
【答案】[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.
25. Which of the following would be the best title forthe text?
[A] Less Screening for More Safety
[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution
[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines
[D] Underused PreCheck Lanes
【答案】[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution
52. Directions：
Write an essay of160-200 words based on the following pictures. In your essay , you should
1)describe the pictures briefly,
2)interpret the meaning , and
3)give your comments.
You should writeneatly on the ANSWER SHEET.( 20 points )
【參考范文】
Portrayed in the twocartoons is thought-provoking: In the left one, a young man, comfortablylounging on the chair, is looking at his huge bookshelf full of bookscontentedly, while the other, in the right drawing, is determined to finishreading 20 books in a year.
By this scenario, thecartoonist is trying to awaken us to the importance of reading and sticking toour goals. It is universally held that with the advance of modern society, onlythose equipped with updated knowledge which requires constant reading are mostlikely to reach the summit of the success. Conversely, without persistentlearning and taking actions, our objectives are bound to be a fantasy. Indeed,people fail always because they stop trying, not because they encounterinvincible difficulties.
From what has beenmentioned above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that only those whokeep learning and cherish the spirit of persistence have opportunities tosucceed. Therefore, such essence is an important virtue worthy of beingfostered. If you understand and adhere to this principle in your study andwork, you will definitely benefit greatly.
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